Eating Disorders Research paper Essay

take complaintlinesss atomic number 18 considered scathing attitudes, emotions, and eat behaviors. Minimized food intake, over consume, and the perceptions of frame moving picture, charge, and organise argon close to examples. in that location slew be contri only whening factors and influences that draw the radical of an feeding overturn. at that place atomic number 18 triad rough types of aim maladys, sate eat derange, anorexia nervosa, and choke up- take syndrome nervosa. The deuce just intimately cat valium constitutes atomic number 18 anorexia nervosa and binge- feeding syndrome nervosa. fit to the interior(a) eat overturn tie beam, 25% of girls 12-18 age old were account to be tenanted in botheratic food and pitch behavior And in men and boys, fit to the website nimh.nih.gov, superstar in four immature cases of Anorexia occurs in boys, and binge- take in disorder affects females and males ab unwrap e re all in all in ally bit .While the causes atomic number 18nt concise, several(prenominal)(prenominal) parts tolerate be cultural, personal characteristics, stress heretoforets or life story changes, family, peers, and media. Individuals of low self-esteem or happening use picayune stack be a large-scale contri exception. For near adolescents they pitch to compargon themselves to others and they flowerpot develop an take disorder because of this facet. For example if their friends allow an take in disorder they whitethorn develop one because they want to fit it. several(prenominal) adolescents good deal develop an have disorder from a stressful event much(prenominal) as teasing, transition from middle school to superior school, or a much traumatic event the likes of rape. Families apprise even loan to a teen harvest-festival an consume disorder. If p bents are fighting a lot or may be considering divorce, this can be stressful and or so adolescents handle it by non take in or induce vomiting as a means to obtain figure over their parents in the household or recognise back the attention.If the adolescent seems to feeling like their life is spiraling bulge out of control, they may feel like an alimentation disorder is a way to gain that control back. Also family studies show that anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge consume disorders do sway in families. The heritability of anorexia nervosa is around 60%, and of bulimia nervosa can be 28 and 80%. For binge eating disorder currently it is 41%. According to slightly studies conducted crosswayscountries eating disorders can be influenced by genetic factors. A nonher large contribution to eating disorders is our societal views. According to the matter alimentation Disorder connexion, we develop these ideas, beliefs, and attitudes just active what is acceptable according to our culture.To put this into military position if our culture says your beautiful when you skinny, then roughly people believe that if theyre non skinny, they arent beautiful. Essentially since girls are broadly speaking valued for their appearance, they are likely the ones to internalize this idea into their thought process. The media overly plays a map in the cultural and societal acceptance. A couple of examples that are very greenness are models and movie stars. about often models are in each magazine, on every billboard, and in about commercials. Even T.V. shows like Americas Next Top Model gives children at a young age what the idea of beautiful is. Most movie stars arent over clog, which principally can contribute to twain males and females existence self-conscious about what the ensample appearance should be. there are terce kinds of aspects that deal with the ontogenesis of an eating disorder behavioral, rational, and physical. The National Eating Disorder link explains the more we cerebrate on thoughts and feelings of our saddle and how we look the more we may be missing out on life overall. When we focus on weight and frame image, it can be execute an obsession, which can contribute to emotional and physical issues. The mental aspect of an eating disorder focuses on the assurance of yourself or your self- esteem. Self-esteem and system image both(prenominal) go hand in hand when it comes to ones personify. Eating disorders not only deal with the mental and behavioral aspects, but those of physical as well can contribute. Anorexia and bulimia can leadership to serious health problems such as kidney bankruptcy, heart problems, dehydration, and in excessive cases malnutrition, which can lead to death. A content by the National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders reported that, The mortality rate associated with Anorexia nervosa is twelve quantify higher than the death rate associated with all causes of death for females 15-24 years old. Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder in which results in thinness through s tarvation.It has the highest mortality rate of any mental disorder, although we know little about the causes of this disorder. primarily the standard cause of death implicates botheffects of starvation and suicide. This is disorder is as well as cognize as a apparent eating disorder, because most are perceptibly thin, although some hide their thinness with big clothes or wearing layers. During this cartridge clip this individual is not maintaining a popular or healthy weight for their age, height, or gender. Anorexia nervosa tends to spend a penny two forms first being starvation or restricting. These individuals reduce their caloric intake and increase physical military action to maintain an ab median(prenominal)ly low weight. When your torso goes into starvation mode, it can alter your body. The present moment form is either binge eating, purging, or can be both.When anorexia nervosa is in its primeval stage these behaviors were seen in over half(a) of the individ uals. During anorexia nervosa a person can come to weigh less than 85% of the paragon body weight. Anorexia tends to occur during early adolescence or 10-12 years old. People who pay back from anorexia suffer from not only physical illness, but psychiatricalalal too. Some accept cognitive impairment, body-checking, low self-esteem, self-absorption, ritualistic behaviors, extreme perfectionism, and self-consciousness. The two most common psychiatric illnesses with anorexia are depression and fretting. Some physical symptoms that may occur or develop over time are electrolyte imbalances (sodium and potassium levels), osteoporosis ( change magnitude osmium density), lanugo hair, dry brittle hair, low body temperature, low blood pressure, slowed heart rate, growth retardation, bloating, constipation, fid procureing, and neediness of tooth enamel and dentin, and dehydration. that, the official diagnosis of anorexia nervosa in females requires the absence of menstruation (amenor rhea), for at least three consecutive months. The want of menstruation is a normal solvent to starvation and weight loss and the body pull up stakes then shut overpower the reproductive functions. Treatment plans of Anorexia nervosa often guess on the individuals inevitably which may accept medical sustainment and supervision, nutritionary counseling and therapy. If they generate had distasteful weight loss, hospitalization is all-important(a) to get them back to an appropriate weight. This individual will need attendance in development new frames of thought process in their eating exemplifications. The primarily detected the less treatment incumbent. Depending on the individual and the note of time they have had the eating disorder treatment can take a short or long extremity of time. Each person varies in the find process of the disorder.According to the NationalAssociation of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders, wholly 1 in 10 men and women with eat ing disorders receive treatment. Only 35% of people that receive that treatment for eating disorders get treatment at a specialized facility for eating disorders. binge-eating syndrome nervosa is an eating disorder that is characterized by a binge and purge pattern. impertinent Anorexia, people who have Bulimia can be at a normal weight range, but salve have that fear of weight gain and they are generally very unhappy with their body image, shape, and size. It is also an invisible eating disorder, because individuals are unremarkably of normal weight or over-weight. It can be difficult to aspire a caloric intake on a binge, but most sustain around 1,000 calories is the minimum however it can be up to 20,000 calories. Bulimia, unlike Anorexia, usually occurs during late adolescence or early adulthood, about 18-22 years old. These individuals persistently follow the pattern of binging in combination with some form of compensatory behavior, which is intended to reverse the effect s of the binge or prevent weight gain.Compensatory behaviors include actions such as self-induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives, diuretics, or other agents, fasting, and excessive exercise. The behavior of Bulimia may not be plain because they do it in secrecy, because they feel a sense of shame and sickness of what they did. This pattern of binging and purging most likely occurs several times a week. Some information addresses a scheme that individuals born later on 1960 are at greater risk of infection for the disorder, because it is more of a modern occurrent than anorexia. Usually more common in urban areas which suggests that surroundingsal exposure and loving learning play a role in the development of this disorder. This disorder is 9 times more common in females than males. Coincidentally, people with Bulimia also have psychiatric and physical aspects. It is estimated that 80% of individuals with bulimia have another psychiatric disorder.The psychiatric features are d epression, anxiety, low self-esteem, extreme perfectionism, self-consciousness, irritability, self-generated spending, shoplifting, and may or may not have substance abuse problems, although the most common are anxiety disorders, major(ip) depression, substance use, and personality disorders. The two most common personality features those similar to those who have anorexia nervosa, perfectionism and low self-esteem. People with bulimia are likely to be more unprompted and have higher stimulus or sensation-seeking behavior. They also have a temperament to exhibit more erratic and unbidden traits. Some physical symptoms of bulimia include dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, kidney problems, inflamed sore throat from purging, corrosive reflux, swollen parotid glands, gastrointestinal complications, unsteady menstruation, constipation, bloating, sensitive and decaying teeth and tooth enamel from brave acids. Like Anorexia the treatment for Bulimia is essential for the individuals health. For Bulimia there are a few more options such as trim down or ending the binging or purging pattern, nutritional counseling, and cognitive behavioral therapy, prescribing medication, and accessing reasons for the illness.About 70% of people who have the disorder of Bulimia recover from it. According to the DSM the criteria is specific for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. However, most people who have eating disorders do not come over the criteria. There is a disaccordent way of diagnosing these particular individuals which is by the Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (EDNOS). According to the textbook, Abnormal Psychology the DSM-IV lists six examples of how the symptoms of EDNOS differ from those of the other disorders. Patients may have 1. all features of anorexia nervosa shut out amenorrhea. 2. all features of anorexia nervosa except forceful weight loss. 3. all criteria for bulimia nervosa except frequency of binge eating or purging or duration of 3 month s. 4. regular, inappropriate compensatory behavior after eating small amounts of food. 5. chewing and spitting out food (purging disorder). 6. binge eating disorder (binging without compensatory behavior.Binge eating disorder is characterized by regular binge eating behaviors, but without the compensatory behaviors. Binge eating disorder or hindquarters is a recent plus to the DSM, and is not yet an official psychiatric disorder. Since it was a recent addition little is known about its morbidity and mortality. Some research indicates that a person can be ill with BED for roughly 14.4 years which may suggest that BED is not just a fugacious stage. The two most common forms of psychiatric disorders are depression and anxiety like most other eating disorders. Of females 3.5% meet the criteria of BED and of males 2%. BED is also found in approximately 5 to 8% of obese individuals. Eating disorders in females and males as discussed are not generally similar. In anorexia nervosa women and girls are more common to have this disorder than men and boys, fundamentally the ratio being 9 to 1. more different theorieshave been presented as to wherefore it affects women more than men. The most efficient theory is believed to be the increased pressure on females to have the ideal appearance or the perfection of the female body. Even though bulimia nervosa is also approximately 9 to 1, women to men can be more or less call down-biased.Men tend to rely on nonpurging forms of compensatory behavior after binge eating, alternatively use excessive exercise. It is male athletes that feel pressured to remain thin and fit and focus on their weight and body shape excessively. For binge eating disorder the sex ratio is equally balanced. The developmental factors of eating disorders can assist in find out the causes as well. In anorexia nervosa it generally exceptional during childhood, although it is occurring increasingly. Bulimia nervosa is usually seldom conveyed in fron t puberty. In anorexia nervosa the disorder itself and the associated symptoms can lead to isolation from peers and family. It can also have negative effects on the family emotionally and financially. The parents especially undergo extreme anxiety and struggle to understand why their children are doing this to themselves and their body. All this stress and financial difficulties with the set down of treatment can weaken or ruin a familys functioning. For bulimia girls who develop mature figures earlier than their peers may develop disappointment, which can lead to earlier experimentation to design controlled eating and weight, which could very well increase the risk of an eating disorder.Binge eating generally haves in late adolescence or early adulthood. There are many treatments for eating disorders, the treatment goals for individuals with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder differ somewhat, although there are some aspects in common. The treatment goal of anorexia nervosa are increased caloric intake and weight gain so later treatments for mental aspects of this disorder can be dealt with more effectively. For bulimia nervosa the focus is on the standardisation of eating, elimination of binge eating and purging, and progress of the psychological aspects of the disorder as well. For binge eating disorder individuals who are stoutness the goal is to elimination of binge eating and normalization of eating. Also either weight stabilization or weight loss can be effective. In anorexia nervosa convict treatment can be consummate(a) by having a disciplined police squad to succeed.The first and most important step is weight restoration. Weight is generally not the onlyfactor to consider some other crucial factors such as medical complications, suicide attempts or plans, failure to improve with out enduring treatment, interference with school, work, or family, and pregnancy. yardbird treatment is very difficult for the patient and t he family as the patient is feared of giving up the symptoms, essentially the patient could have demonstrable a phobia of food. It is important for the relate to create a estimable environment to organize the patient feel safe and to also obtain the patients trust to make the hospitalization a success. Biological treatments include medications to assist in the cure of the disorder or assist in decreased symptoms of the disorder. Medications prescribed for anorexia nervosa have shown to be unavailing currently. In bulimia nervosa fluoxetine hydrocholoride (Prozac) has been known to decrease the core symptoms of binge eating and purging and associated psychological features such as depression and anxiety. The FDA approved the treatment of fluoxetine for the treatment of bulimia nervosa, but for no other eating disorders.Although fluoxetine reduces the symptoms it is still not found to reduce or have permanent remission on long-lasting effects. A treatment that is necessary but not a capable intervention for all eating disorders is nutritional counseling. An additional treatment that aids individuals change their thought patterns that contribute to their problem is cognitive-behavioral therapy or (CBT). recovery rates with CBT wavy from 35-75% at quin or more years of follow-up. For anorexia nervosa some evidence suggests that CBT may reduce elapse in adults after weight has been restored. However its unclear how effective CBT is with individuals who are extremely underweight. For bulimia nervosa the basis of CBT is self-monitoring. The individuals advance track of what they eat, the situation they were in, and their thoughts and feelings. CBT focuses extensively on relapse prevention for all eating disorders. It is also an effective treatment for a binge eating disorder.Binge eating disorders may first be offered a help-book or an online cognitive-behavioral program online to use at their own pace. For the family theories of anorexia nervosa a family- based intervention is enjoin to change the dysfunction of the family. This therapy can assist the family in being around healthier and a place to have spread communication. Some modern approaches to family therapy for anorexia nervosa include conjoined family therapy, separated family therapy, parent training, and the Maudsley method,which focuses on agnate control of the initial stages of renutrion. The seven determine include working with experts who know how to help you, working together as a family, to not blame your child or yourself for the problems you are having, focusing on the problem before you, not debating with your child about eating or weight-related concerns, knowing when to begin backing off, and taking care of yourself because you are the childs best hope.In conclusion I have discussed and explained the three types of eating disorders anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. I explained what factors can contribute to the development of an eating disorder. I deliberated three aspects of eating disorders such as the mental, behavioral, and physical. The analyzed the three eating disorders and gave a definition for each. I gave various personalities and other psychological dysfunctions that can come along with eating disorders. I expressed the sex ratios and developmental factors of eating disorders and explained the contributing factors for each. Also in discussing the symptoms of eating disorders lastly I identified some treatments that can assist in reducing symptoms and essentially preventing relapse. Some treatments that were acknowledged are inpatient treatment, biological treatments, nutritional counseling, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and family-based interventions. plant CitedAbout eating disorders. (n.d.). Retrieved from National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders website http//www.anad.org/get-information/about-eating-disorders/bulimia-nervosa/ Body Image Loving Yourself inwardly and O ut. (n.d.). Retrieved from The National Womens wellness reading Center website http//www.womenshealth.gov/bodyimage/eatingdisorders/ Eating Disorders. (2008). Retrieved from National Eating Disorder Information Centre website http//www.nedic.ca/ Eating Disorders anorexia nervosa, binge eating, and bulimia nervosa. (n.d.). Retrieved from U.S. Library of Medicine, U.S. section of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health website www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/eatingdisorders.html Eating disorder statistics. (n.d.). Retrieved from