Short Story - 1268 Words

Two boys, Alex and Hunter , who were best friends, like pees in a pod, were walking out of the athlete locker room on the second floor. Both of them were wearing their SHS Track and Field windbreaker jackets, which were both a size small, and fit them loosely because of their height and size. They had just gotten done with their individual and team sports gym class, and where about to head to seventh period. They were talking about their track meet that they were going to be having on Saturday, and Hunter was cracking jokes as he always did, no matter the circumstances. Sometimes it got on Alex’s nerves, but most of the time, he didn’t mind. Neither of them had any idea what was about to happen. Alex was on his phone playing his new game,†¦show more content†¦About halfway in between the first and second floor, Alex hit the â€Å"stop elevator† button. â€Å"Why did you do that?† Hunter said in strict, but hushed tone. â€Å"If the shooters are on the second floor, then when we get to the first floor, they can see us, and there is no cover for about fifty feet. This is the safest spot for us now. Now let’s figure out how to get out of he-----.† They both froze, not daring to make a noise. They both held their terrified gazes, in very quiet, slow movements, Alex mouthed the words, â€Å"They are right there!† as he pointed at the ceiling. Then they heard voices, right outside of the elevator doors about seven feet above their heads. â€Å"I thought that I heard some footsteps down this hall. There aren’t windows to get out of, or any places to hide except in the locker room.† Said a man with a big, and low voice. It was a different voice now that cut through the ceiling and gave the boys chills that said, â€Å"Should we check the elevator? There isn’t any other place to hide except the elevator.† Both boys heard a light clicking noise, which both Alex and Hunter could tell was the open doors button on the panel. Both boys faces went so white, and their bodys so still that it was like they were frozen. â€Å"Huh,â€Å"it appears that the elevator is no longer functioning. It must be something to do with the new A.L.I.C.E protocol system. It must shut down the elevators for whatever reason.† The two boys inside theShow MoreRelatedshort story1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Short Stories:  Ã‚  Characteristics †¢Short  - Can usually be read in one sitting. †¢Concise:  Ã‚  Information offered in the story is relevant to the tale being told.  Ã‚  This is unlike a novel, where the story can diverge from the main plot †¢Usually tries to leave behind a  single impression  or effect.  Ã‚  Usually, though not always built around one character, place, idea, or act. †¢Because they are concise, writers depend on the reader bringing  personal experiences  and  prior knowledge  to the story. Four MajorRead MoreThe Short Stories Ideas For Writing A Short Story Essay1097 Words   |  5 Pageswriting a short story. Many a time, writers run out of these short story ideas upon exhausting their sources of short story ideas. If you are one of these writers, who have run out of short story ideas, and the deadline you have for coming up with a short story is running out, the short story writing prompts below will surely help you. Additionally, if you are being tormented by the blank Microsoft Word document staring at you because you are not able to come up with the best short story idea, youRead MoreShort Story1804 Words   |  8 PagesShort story: Definition and History. A  short story  like any other term does not have only one definition, it has many definitions, but all of them are similar in a general idea. According to The World Book Encyclopedia (1994, Vol. 12, L-354), â€Å"the short story is a short work of fiction that usually centers around a single incident. Because of its shorter length, the characters and situations are fewer and less complicated than those of a novel.† In the Cambridge Advanced Learner’s DictionaryRead MoreShort Stories648 Words   |  3 Pageswhat the title to the short story is. The short story theme I am going conduct on is â€Å"The Secret Life of Walter Mitty’ by James Thurber (1973). In this short story the literary elements being used is plot and symbols and the theme being full of distractions and disruption. The narrator is giving a third person point of view in sharing the thoughts of the characters. Walter Mitty the daydreamer is very humorous in the different plots of his dr ifting off. In the start of the story the plot, symbols,Read MoreShort Stories1125 Words   |  5 PagesThe themes of short stories are often relevant to real life? To what extent do you agree with this view? In the short stories â€Å"Miss Brill† and â€Å"Frau Brechenmacher attends a wedding† written by Katherine Mansfield, the themes which are relevant to real life in Miss Brill are isolation and appearance versus reality. Likewise Frau Brechenmacher suffers through isolation throughout the story and also male dominance is one of the major themes that are highlighted in the story. These themes areRead MoreShort Story and People1473 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Title: Story Of An Hour Author: Kate Chopin I. On The Elements / Literary Concepts The short story Story Of An Hour is all about the series of emotions that the protagonist, Mrs. Mallard showed to the readers. With the kind of plot of this short story, it actually refers to the moments that Mrs. Mallard knew that all this time, her husband was alive. For the symbol, I like the title of this short story because it actually symbolizes the time where Mrs. Mallard died with joy. And with thatRead MoreShort Story Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesA short story concentrates on creating a single dynamic effect and is limited in character and situation. It is a language of maximum yet economical effect. Every word must do a job, sometimes several jobs. Short stories are filled with numerous language and sound devices. These language and sound devices create a stronger image of the scenario or the characters within the text, which contribute to the overall pre-designed effect.As it is shown in the metaphor lipstick bleeding gently in CinnamonRead MoreRacism in the Short Stor ies1837 Words   |  7 PagesOften we read stories that tell stories of mixing the grouping may not always be what is legal or what people consider moral at the time. The things that you can learn from someone who is not like you is amazing if people took the time to consider this before judging someone the world as we know it would be a completely different place. The notion to overlook someone because they are not the same race, gender, creed, religion seems to be the way of the world for a long time. Racism is so prevalentRead MoreThe Idol Short Story1728 Words   |  7 PagesThe short stories â€Å"The Idol† by Adolfo Bioy Casares and â€Å"Axolotl† by Julio Cortà ¡zar address the notion of obsession, and the resulting harm that can come from it. Like all addictions, obsession makes one feel overwhelmed, as a single thought comes to continuously intruding our mind, causing the individual to not be able to ignore these thoughts. In â€Å"Axolotl†, the narr ator is drawn upon the axolotls at the Jardin des Plantes aquarium and his fascination towards the axolotls becomes an obsession. InRead MoreGothic Short Story1447 Words   |  6 Pages The End. In the short story, â€Å"Emma Barrett,† the reader follows a search party group searching for a missing girl named Emma deep in a forest in Oregon. The story follows through first person narration by a group member named Holden. This story would be considered a gothic short story because of its use of setting, theme, symbolism, and literary devices used to portray the horror of a missing six-year-old girl. Plot is the literal chronological development of the story, the sequence of events

Accounting and finance Example

Essays on Accounting and finance Essay Question Balance sheet of Florence plc as of 31st March, is as follows: Florence plc Fixed assets 325 Investment In Rusty 300 In Dougal 80 Inventory 125 Cash 45 Receivables 60 Payables -120 Bank Loan 0 Total 815 Share capital 500 Accumulated profits 315 Total 815 a) Consolidated Balance Sheet After consideration of notes, the balance sheet of Florence plc has to be revised so that it reflects the true picture of the company. Therefore a consolidated and a revised balance sheet of the company is as follows: Florence plc Fixed assets 325 Investment In Rusty 266 In Dougal 80 Inventory 125 Cash 45 Receivables 151 Payables -120 Bank Loan 0 Impairment Total 872 Share capital 500 Accumulated profits 372 Total 872 It can be seen that the total worth of the company has increased from 815,000 to 866,000. b) Effect on Income Statement of Florence Group Note 1: As the fixed assets of Rusty Ltd in which Florence Group has invested has been found to be overvalued and therefore it has been revised by 30,000. This change would reduce the profits of the firm and therefore the profit and loss statement would be reduced by 24,000 as Florence Group has acquired 80% of the shares of Rusty. Note 2: As the good will of Rusty Ltd. has been impaired by 10,000 therefore it will have a negative influence on Florence Group. Florence Group has acquired 80% of the shares of Rusty therefore it will have to record a loss of 8,000 in its income statement. Note 3: As Florence group has sold goods to Rusty with a mark up 40% then this would improve the profits of the company. The total value of inventory is 100,000 and therefore the mark up at 40% means a profit of 40,000. So, this would enhance the profits of the company by 40,000. Note 4: Rusty Dougal Total Shares 300 100 Accumulated Profits 20 140 Shares acquired 80% 25% Addition to RE 16 35 Question #2 The balance sheet of Purple plc as at 31st March 2011 is as follows: Fixed assets 480 Investments In Pink 600 In Yellow 100 In Green 550 Inventory 170 Cash 80 Receivables 110 Payables -120 Bank Loan 0 Total 1970 Share capital 800 RE 1170 Total 1970 a) Consolidated balance sheet Fixed assets 480 Investments In Pink 480 In Yellow 100 In Green 538 Inventory 170 Cash 80 Receivables 360 Payables -120 Bank Loan 0 Impairment Total 2088 Share capital 800 RE 1288 Total 2088 b) Effect on Income Statement of Purple Ltd Note 3: As the value of fixed assets of Pink ltd is found to be inflated therefore its value has been reduced by 160,000. Therefore it would have a negative impact on Purple Ltd. Purple has acquired 75% of the shares of the company; therefore it would have to revise its investment and report a loss in the profit and loss statement of 120,000. Similarly, the value of fixed assets of Green Ltd has been inflated by 50,000 and with 80% of the shares acquired by Purple, the company needs to revise its investment by 40,000. Therefore a loss of 40,000 has to be reported by Purple. Note 4: As Purple sold its inventory to Pink, and for this, it earned a mark up of 50% on 500,000. Therefore a total profit of 250,000 has been earned by the company and it will improve its profit and loss statement. Note 5: As the good will of Green ltd has been revised by 15,000 and with Purple holding 80% of the shares of the company. Purple would need to report an impairment loss of 12,000. Why management may seek off balance sheet investment? Of late, there has been an increasing use of off balance sheet investment by different firms around the world. off balance sheet allows firms to invest and the fluctuations in the investment are not included in the balance sheet and therefore the value or worth of the firm is not disturbed. Therefore, one of the reasons that encourage management to invest using off balance sheet technique is that the fluctuations do not hurt the worth or balance sheet of the company. Other important reason that encourages management to use off-balance sheet financing is that the credit risk is transferred. For instance, when banks give loans they record it in the balance sheet and therefore the risk will be taken by the bank. However while using securitisation, firms would not record in the balance sheet and the credit risk will be transferred. Economic substance should take precedence over legal form: Financial statements need to represent the true value of the firm and true value of the transactions that have occurred during the period. In order to represent the true value of the transactions, faithful representation of transactions is required in a way that it represents the true economic substance or value instead of legal form and this concept has been named as the Substance Over Form. According to Substance Over Form, when the value or substance of the transaction is not the same as the legal form then such transactions should be reported considering the economic value of the transaction. The main reason for this is that the financial statements should represent the true value of the transactions.

Communicating Across Cultures for Globalization -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theCommunicating Across Cultures for Globalization. Answer: Globalization has resulted in people from different backgrounds or with different cultures being brought together in the workplace. This has made it imperative for managers to find out how they can communicate with minimal misinterpretation. Culture defines several aspects of peoples lives including how they perceive the world around them and also how they interact with those whom they come to meet. It is for this reason that those who would like to be managers must learn as much as they can about others in order to understand what they really mean whenever they try to communicate. In a similar manner, those who venture into other continents or regions must learn as much as possible about the culture of those who live in those countries so that they may not end up doing what is considered inappropriate while they think that they are doing the right thing. People should also be willing to adapt to situations and therefore practice some of the cultural practices of those places where t hey go to work both as a sign of respect and to make work easier. A look at the topic of communication across cultures gives insight on what to expect and what to do when dealing with people from different cultures. Communication involves making meaning out of the information that someone is trying to pass across. It mostly involves the use of both verbal and non-verbal cues. Different people put emphasis on different things during the communication process (Shockley-Zalabak, 2014). In some cultures, such as the Western culture, the non-verbal cues are not as important as the actual words spoken. On the contrary, gestures and sign form a very significant part of what is communicated among those of the Asian origin, among other people from the East (Steers, Nardon and Sanchez-Runde, 2013). This means that in the workplace there is a tendency of people to interpret reality in a manner that they deem fit, or differently from their peers. In as much as it is argued by most publishers that effective communication is greatly hindered by factors such as gender and age, cultural differences are actually the greatest obstacle in the mid-sized as well as the large companies. Notably, The greater the numbe r of cultural groups, the harder it is to convey the intended message without upsetting one of those in the group. Several theories have been put to explain the reasons why communication involving those of different cultures is difficult. Hofstede (1984) categorizes regions based on six parameters in order to give a visitor insight on what to expect when moving to these places. Some of these parameters include the power, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance and indulgence indices. With ranks in terms of percentages, it is possible to predict what certain cultures focus on hence a possibility of knowing how to conduct oneself when in these places. A person is able to predict to some extent what to say and when to best say it. These parameters are however not comprehensive when it comes to analyzing communication between people of different cultures( Hakken and Mat, 2014). One is not, for example, able to decipher the value that is attached to things such as gestures and even silence by those who form the minority. Language is thought to play a crucial role in communication. Steers, Nardon and Sanchez-Runde (2013) believe that it is the greatest determinant of how people who try pass information will manage to understand one another especially when they come from different backgrounds. In a similar way, language is believed to be one of the greatest impediments to information flow between those whose cultural backgrounds differ. This may appear contradictory if one is not to notice that language is looked at from different perspectives. It is important for those who move to countries that they are the minority to spend enough time in learning the language of their country for the sake of proper interpretation of the reality(Aronin and Laoire, 2013). People, most of the time work in teams or gather together for the purpose of decision making. These meetings most of the time requires these people to use the dominant language hence the need to properly learn a language when one goes to work in a different geographical region especially where their language is not commonly spoken (Pettigrew,2014). Hence, a good manager must always go for the language that favors as much of the workforce as possible as the first step of minimizing communication difficulties. One component of communication that nearly all managers overlook is the whether some of the workers speak the dominant language as the first or second language thereby failing to know the kind of vocabulary to use. This should not be the case for a serious manager. There are several other important factors to consider when communication between those of different cultures is concerned. These include the appropriateness of the message, the behavior of those communicating, and the message formatting. These factors, however, seem to outweigh language in importance as per Steers explanations in their book (Steers, Nardo, and Sanchez-Runde, 2013). What remains clear however is that these factors need to be put into consideration when people from different cultures are communicating. The topic chosen for discussion needs to be appropriate. Some cultures do not consider for example talking about ones family appropriate whereas in others it is nearly impolite if someone does not ask how their peers family is doing. Among the South Koreans for example, discussions revolving around families are most of the time avoided by the communicating parties whereas in the West people feel comfortable discussing in length about the families of those concerned (Stee rs, Nardon and Sanchez-Runde, 2013). In some culture, discussions about health care issues are seldom allowed as this is mostly associated with lack of positivity and also bad luck (Yum, 2012). On the contrary, some cultures allow for these types of discussions while focusing on the facts that they can deduct from these talks. A manager, therefore, needs to determine if the topic for discussion is considered appropriate by those who belong to the minority, lest he or she may lack to get the feedback that is needed ( Bens,2012). What should be done when this is the case, therefore, is to approach such topics indirectly especially if important information is needed in a discussion. When communication involves people from diverse backgrounds it is also important to note that that context plays an important role in determining the effectiveness of the process (Chaney and Martin, 2013). Context can be broadly grouped into two categories that is, high context and low context cultures. When a culture is termed as high context it means that people in that society give more importance to the context surrounding the message compared to the information itself. Conversely, those that are considered to be from low context cultures give little importance to the context of the message compared to the message itself. This means that the person who is communicating in a low context society must ensure message clarity and even go the extra mile of using things such as a written document (Frankel et al,2012). For those in societies considered to be high context, the manner in which something is said is usually more important than what is actually said. It is therefore important for managers to learn how significant the context is to the communication process and therefore know how to best relay their message. The topic of communication across cultures is very important for all those who may find themselves in leadership positions in regions that are far from them. Moreover, it is prudent for those who plan to go to work in countries or regions which practice different cultures to dig deep into this topic so that they may have substantial knowledge about what is needed to ensure communication is effective (Matsumoto and Hwang, 2013). It is my belief that learning about cross cultural communication will mold me into one of the most accommodative managers as it provides the knowledge on what needs to be done so that their intended message is passed successfully. Having noticed from work that most of the time some colleagues feel alienated because they have different cultural beliefs, I believe that I will be in a better position to understand those from other regions. The rapid growth in industries and institutions means that the interaction of people from different backgrounds is inevitable and so it is important to know what it takes to have meaningful conversations. It is also important for people to be willing to change in terms of behavior or beliefs for effective communication to take place. Learning about cross cultural communication helps one to identify the acceptable behavior when in the company of people from different cultural backgrounds. The way managers are expected to behave in different situations differ depending on the geographical region involved (Okoro, 2012). For those in the West, a manager is expected to be assertive and always take control of situations. Whenever there is a situation, they are mostly required to be among the first to express their opinion. This is however not the case for those in the East. A manager or anyone occupying the top position in most of the Asian firms is usually expected to speak after an invitation from others (Steers, Nardon and Sanchez-Runde,2013). This knowledge, which is obtained from learning about communication, is crucial for people from the East who move westwards and vice versa (Kawar, 2012). The way conversations are ended also differ between people of different cultures. It is important to note that America and Canada and even here in Australia, a manager is usually expected to leave a conversation the moment that he or she is done with discussing the main topic whenever there is a meeting. This tradition is also common in not just companies but also in learning institutions. In countries such as Spain however, it is the norm for a manager to linger a while as they discuss other businesses before he or she leaves (Gesteland, 2012). Hence, I believe that cross cultural communication is one of the most important topics that those who plan to work in diverse environments need to learn. The study of communication across cultures is also important in the enhancement of one's communication skills. Efficient communication is not just a matter of knowing the most suitable language to use in the workplace or the most appropriate behavior but also involves broadening one's knowledge from the smallest of cues that can be noted during the process of information sharing (Thomas and Peterson, 2017). Surprisingly, sometimes silence can also be an important form of communication which when used correctly can pass the intended message without a lot of effort being put into the information passing process (Tjosvold, 2017). It is however not easy to know when to use silence as a tool for communicating, not unless one does it practically especially when surrounded by those whose culture places a lot of value on silence and non-verbal cues. Most companies today are trying to ensure that they enhance the communication skills of their employees by making sure they are routinely traine d on the business practices of their regions before they are given the go ahead to start working in those localities (Men and Tsai, 2012). Etiquette is now an important part of the training offered to those who may not belong to the majority groups. This topic has taught me a lot of things. For instance, it has become clear that people perceive situations differently based on their cultural inclinations. As such it becomes prudent to know how best to make them understand you. This can be achieved by having the zeal to learn how people from different parts of the world communicate. Anyone who hopes to be a manager must understand that organizations will rarely be made up of the same type of people and that the likelihood of having friction as a result of misinterpretation is quite high once people who belong to different cultural groups are brought together. Since I plan to become a global manager, I hope to use this knowledge to foster cohesiveness within the organization that I may head. I am already having challenges in my day to day life when it comes to communicating effectively with those who are from some parts of the world, a situation that I hope will improve with time especially once I am done with my course. I plan to visit other parts of the world, especially the East to learn about the dominant cultural practices in these places more so the ones that are useful when it comes to communication. Since there is rapid growth in countries such as China, the importance of learning about their values is quite high as several industries or firms including the Australian ones may be interested in opening branches or plants there (Shambaugh, 2013). For one to thrive in these places cultural knowledge about others is important. Relaying information also requires that people listen attentively. It is only through attentive listening that those in the managerial positions can learn from their failures and therefore find the best solutions for their companies especially when they are coming from those who may not belong to the dominant cultural group(Alberts et al, 2015). The effect of external factors should also not be overlooked as they may contribute to the effectiveness of the communication (Caligiuri and Tarique, 2012). When a manager is not only a skilled listener but also a person who is able to avoid external hindrances to the communication process, he or she is usually able to close deals easily and guide the company to prosperity. To sum up, it is important to learn about cross cultural communication because most companies are hiring people from different backgrounds. Learning how to be effective when passing messages between those of different cultures is not easy. One has to be prepared to make mistakes and sometimes to unintentionally offend one of the parties involved in the communication process. It is only through practice and commitment that someone may be able to get to that position in which he or she knowns what to say and when to say it. Effective communication is key in promoting cohesiveness within an organization and also ensuring that the company remains innovative due to the input of those from different backgrounds. In my opinion, cross-cultural communication should be taught to everyone who would want to be a manager. References Alberts, J.K., Nakayama, T.K. and Martin, J.N., 2015.Human communication in society. Pearson. Aronin, L. and Laoire, M., 2013. The material culture of multilingualism: moving beyond the linguistic landscape.International Journal of Multilingualism,10(3), pp.225-235. Caligiuri, P. and Tarique, I., 2012. Dynamic cross-cultural competencies and global leadership effectiveness.Journal of World Business,47(4), pp.612-622. Chaney, L. and Martin, J., 2013.Intercultural business communication. Pearson Higher Ed. Frankel, R.M., Flanagan, M., Ebright, P., Bergman, A., O'brien, C.M., Franks, Z., Allen, A., Harris, A. and Saleem, J.J., 2012. Context, culture and (non-verbal) communication affect handover quality.BMJ Qual Saf,21(Suppl 1), pp.i121-i128. Gesteland, R.R., 2012.Cross-cultural business behavior: a guide for global management. Copenhagen Business School Press DK. Hakken, D. and Mat, P., 2014, October. The culture question in participatory design. InProceedings of the 13th Participatory Design Conference: Short Papers, Industry Cases, Workshop Descriptions, Doctoral Consortium papers, and Keynote abstracts-Volume 2(pp. 87-91). ACM. Hofstede, G., 1984. Cultural dimensions in management and planning.Asia Pacific journal of management,1(2), pp.81-99. Kawar, T.I., 2012. Cross-cultural differences in management.International Journal of Business and Social Science,3(6). Matsumoto, D. and Hwang, H.C., 2013. Assessing cross-cultural competence: A review of available tests.Journal of cross-cultural psychology,44(6), pp.849-873. Men, L.R. and Tsai, W.H.S., 2012. How companies cultivate relationships with publics on social network sites: Evidence from China and the United States.Public Relations Review,38(5), pp.723-730. Okoro, E., 2012. Cross-cultural etiquette and communication in global business: Toward a strategic framework for managing corporate expansion.International journal of business and management,7(16), p.130. Pettigrew, A.M., 2014.The politics of organizational decision-making. Routledge. Shambaugh, D.L., 2013.China goes global: The partial power(Vol. 111). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Shockley-Zalabak, P., 2014.Fundamentals of organizational communication. Pearson. Steers, R.M., Nardon, L. and Sanchez-Runde, C.J., 2013.Management across cultures: Developing global competencies. Cambridge University Press. Thomas, D.C. and Peterson, M.F., 2017.Cross-cultural management: Essential concepts. Sage Publications. Tjosvold, D., 2017.Cross-cultural management: foundations and future. Routledge.

Social Class Status

Social class is the status of the society in which individuals are classified on basis of political, economic and cultural perspectives. Wealth, income and occupation are the major aspects of economic social classification.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Social Class Status specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Political social class is characterized by Status and power, while the cultural group is determined by peoples’ lifestyle, education, values and beliefs (Bernstein 126). The economic, political and social classes can further be categorized in to subcategories of upper, middle, working and lower classes depending on one’s position in society. It is quite essential for each individual in the society to understand the social position in which one belongs to (Bronfenbrenner 412). This will not only help in addressing the different issues that arise in life but also help in building a strong understan ding of the societal needs. Proper understanding of one’s class helps individuals to get fully prepared in facing challenges that come along in tackling daily activities. People who discern their social environment at an early stage in life constantly keep rising from one class to another. It’s quite clear that social classes bring about inequalities in resources and life expectations. For instance, individuals with power have direct access to material resources compared to their followers. Such differences cause economic gap between the different groups and may lead to the low group engaging in unethical means such as theft and corruption in order to bridge the gap (Bernstein 127). On the other hand, individuals endorsed with power may also look for alternatives of fighting in order to remain in power as a means of maintaining their status quo. In understanding the social classes’ one should be keen in noting that; people in the lower social classes are involve d in risky, lowly paid jobs which do not have any form of security unlike their counterparts in upper classes who enjoy better paid, secured jobs with access to medical cover (Bronfenbrenne 411).Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In most instances, people in the lower class categories provide labor to the upper class; they do so by working as gardeners’ cleaners or any other odd jobs. Low class individuals in the society lack adequate opportunities to exploit their talents. However, highly motivated individuals can rise to the other classes although they do so with a lot of difficulties (Davis 60). Education is one way of shifting from one social class to another; children from upper classes have access to good schools and education and as result are able to maintain their class later in life. An educated individual is able to secure a well paying job, accumulate wealth and use the resources he has to gain political power. The social class also determines the society’s demographics. Many low income earners are likely to stay in proximity to industries (Marshal 30). They reside in poorly constructed houses within noisy environment since they cannot afford better lifestyles (Bronfenbrenne 412). On the other hand, upper social class individuals prefer to live in private, cool and sparsely populated areas. In addition, people from the low class are more prone to high crime related risks as a result of lack of opportunities and over population. This happens because many of them are unemployed hence hopelessly engage into alcohol and drugs. Social class also has a very big impact on health status of an individual. Good medical care is only accessed by those who are willing to spend big. The lower class people suffer most because of their inability to access good medical care because of inadequate funds (Krieger 79). Poor health contributes to low pro ductivity of workers hence poor employment. However, the wealthy and rich are likely to suffer from conditions like obesity and cancer because of the kind of lifestyles they lead. Stress due to low pays, divorce and or conflicts may lead to death.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Social Class Status specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Differences in cultures, education levels, wealth, income and other aspects of social class in most instances cause discrimination (Marshall 30). For instance, one may be denied an opportunity as a result of being associated to a certain social class. This has given rise to massive corruption in the society and consequent moral degradation. In social classes, informal and formal groups arise. The groups are mostly created to cultivate value in their groups and work in cooperation to maintain their status (Dahrendorf 12). The groups also educate members on the opportunities and threats in the environment in addition to providing financial support to each other. Examples of these groups include Sacco’s which arise in the economic class, political parties and cultural groups. In conclusion, social class differences create competition among different members in the society. Individuals within the lowest social class always work hard to maneuver their way to the next level. Individuals within the highest social classes have a feeling of having made it in life. It would be crucial for anyone teaching on social classes to keenly study the economic, political and cultural backgrounds of the learners (Bronfenbrenner 420). This is a very sensitive area which needs serious research in order to avoid creating differences among the learners. Works Cited Bernstein, Benim. â€Å"A sociolinguistic approach to socialization: With some reference to educability.† Directions in sociolinguistics: The ethnography of communication.  12.6(1972):125-126. Bronfenbrenner, U enice. â€Å"Socialization and social class through time and space.†Ã‚  Readings in 12.5(1958):400-425.printAdvertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Dahrendorf, Real. Class and class conflict in industrial society.Stanford: Stanford University Press Stanford,1959.print. Davis, Alvis. â€Å"Social-class influences upon learning.† social psychology 15.8(1948):56 89.print. Krieger, Rowley. â€Å"Racism, sexism, and social class: implications for studies of health, disease, and well-being.† American Journal of Preventive  Medicine78.7(1993):67-90.print. Marshall, Timao. â€Å"Citizenship and social class.† Cambridge 12.2(1950):28-29.print. This essay on Social Class Status was written and submitted by user Darwin to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Therapeutic interventions Essays

Therapeutic interventions Essays Therapeutic interventions Essay Therapeutic interventions Essay Definition Therapeutic Interventions encompass not Just the nursing profession but each nurse as an Individual. Whether realized or not, every Intervention a nurse Implements Is therapeutic. Sometimes these Interventions can have a good or bad effect. Through research and continuing knowledge, a nurse can learn or Improve these Interventions so that the highest quality of care Is given to each and every patient. Therapeutic interventions can be defined as actions or behaviors involving clients that is scientifically evidence-based and caring to assist patients in meeting his or ere needs and accomplishing optimal outcomes (PAN handbook). Through therapeutic communication, a nurse can set the tone for a safe and caring environment. Beginning a trusting relationship will provide the patient with comfort, allowing them to heal and to feel free to express his or her feelings. For example, deprivation of meaningful relationships and colonization have detrimental effects on the physical and psychosocial wellbeing of older clients. Having a trusting relationship with nurses, alleviates feelings of loneliness and helplessness (Brownie, S. , Horsemanship, L. 2012). Implementing safe and accurate care that Is evidence-based Is an Important therapeutic intervention. The five steps of implementation are imperative to avoid unwanted errors from occurring to patients. The five steps include asking a question, finding the best evidence, evaluation of the evidence, applying the information with experience and patient values, and evaluation of outcomes. These five steps always surround the patients values and beliefs. It is also important for the nurse to collaborate with fellow coworkers when help is needed. Sometimes other nurses ay have an answer that could solve a current problem (Johnson, 2008). To provide optimal care to patients, nurses must be aware of cultural diversity. Every culture has their own values and beliefs, Including the care that each culturally diverse patient receives. For example, a female Arabic client will not make eye contact or speak with male nurses or physicians. This Is not the clients way of being rude, it is her cultural beliefs and the nurse must be aware of this. It is crucial for the nurse to be aware of these cultural differences before providing care so care is not affected (Taylor, C.. Allis, C. , Lemon, P. , Lynn, P.. 2011). It is important to prioritize care based on the patients needs. For example, a postoperative patient needs care of an incision. The nurse knows that care of this incision and pain control are top priority. When the patient starts to have trouble breathing and goes into respiratory distress, the nurse needs to be aware that difficulty breathing takes higher priority over an incision. Support Is a crucial therapeutic intervention. When It comes to end of life decisions, families Like to be Involved. The nurse should physically and mentally purport the family, as well as the patient, through this difficult time. After the death of a patient, the nurse could ask the family If they would Like to spend time with the patient to assist them in coping. The nurse could also ask the family if they would therapeutic and/or as a way to care for a loved one, one last time (Assignations, D. D. , 2013). There are many types of therapeutic interventions. Pharmacological interventions involve the use of medications to prevent and/or treat disease and relieve pain. It is important to monitor peak and trough levels of medications administered. This is to verify that all medications are therapeutic and not causing damage or harm to the body (Lilly, L. L. , Collins, S. R. , 2014). Non-pharmacological interventions include music therapy, exercise, art, and dance. These interventions are also referred to as psychosocial interventions. These therapies are used to improve self-esteem and self-achievement, as well as, an alternative method of relieving pain without the use of medications. On occasion, these interventions have helped patients to talk about repressed feelings they may be experiencing (Hayes, N. , 2003). A nurse could use hermeneutic touch (healing touch) as an intervention. A massage is a great way to rebalanced the patients energy field or relieve pain without pharmacological intervention. A healing touch positively affects the patient physically, mentally, and emotionally (Lilly, L. L. , Collins, S. R. , 2014). This author defines therapeutic interventions as a way to help heal in a manner that is patient-centered. Helping a patient to heal does not always mean medical interventions. Sometimes, it is being a support person for a patient to express their feelings or an advocate when the patient cant speak. Therapeutic interventions involve helping the patient whether it is though administering medications or giving a massage. In Conclusion, therapeutic interventions are an important aspect of the nursing profession. It involves more than Just administering medications to help a patient heal. Helping the patient to self-actualization, love and belonging, and self-esteem are a huge step in the healing process. A depressed patient may take longer to heal, where as a patient who is content and happy will heal faster. It should be a priority of the nurse to make sure that each and every patient receives optimal therapeutic are. Explanation For this explanation, I chose my presentation on encyclopedias. Encyclopedias are a classification of drugs that have their own specific way of killing bacteria that cause infection, more specifically gram negative bacteria. Encyclopedias are a form of a therapeutic intervention and can be used in combination with non-pharmacological interventions. These interventions might include music therapy, acupuncture, deep massage, etc Encyclopedias are an important therapeutic intervention. Patients may have a serious infection that requires an antibiotic. Through the administration of this class of medication, the patient is able to begin the healing process from their infection. In addition to this broad intervention, there are several non-pharmacological therapeutic interventions that can be used along with encyclopedias treatment. A massage would be great for patients experiencing muscle cramps caused by the reduction of potassium in the body or for pain experienced from an infection. Another intervention could be acupuncture. Acupuncture is an intervention that allows body mind to relax and heal. It has been useful for treating nausea, vomiting, main and ailment. Through distraction a patient can take their mind off of the things that are bothering them. Increasing fluids is also an important therapeutic intervention with the administration of encyclopedias. Through increasing fluids the body can reheated itself. Encyclopedias are known to cause problems with the kidneys and by advising the patient to increase their fluid intake, the body can maintain hydration and allow for proper kidney function. Without proper kidney function, the body is unable to remove the medication itself; therefore, potentially causing toxicity and harm to the body. In conclusion, encyclopedias are an important therapeutic intervention. Without the use of antibiotics patients could become seriously ill with infection or face the possibility of death. While this antibiotic drug class is a therapeutic intervention towards the treatment of infection, there are additional therapeutic interventions that must be followed to keep patients from unwanted and adverse effects. Through my research, as a future nurse, I am able to provide the proper education about encyclopedias and to implement the proper interventions needed to make this therapy a success.

Definition and Examples of Active Vocabulary

Definition and Examples of Active Vocabulary An active vocabulary is made up of the words readily used and clearly understood by an individual when speaking and writing. Contrast with passive vocabulary. Martin Manser notes that an active vocabulary consists  of the words that [people] use frequently and confidently. If someone asks them to make up a sentence containing such and such a word- and they can do it- then that word is part of their active vocabulary. In contrast, Manser says, a persons passive vocabulary consists of the words whose meanings they know- so that they do not have to look the words up in a dictionary- but which they would not necessarily use in ordinary conversation or writing   (The Penguin Writers Manual, 2004). Examples and Observations An active vocabulary covers all those words people need to use and have no reservations about using to communicate with others on an everyday basis. The range of peoples active vocabulary is a unique reflection of their sociocultural position and the range of discursive practices engaged in. In other words, it depends on the range of relations people contract as a part of everyday existence, over a lifetime. Except for people who frequently make contact with the specialist meaning systems of professions or of other special knowledge categories, most peoples active words are high frequency words in the language and need little stimulus to activate them in the mental lexicon. They are ready for use in incoming and outgoing messages, with no noticeable effort.(David Corson, Using English Words. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1995)Developing an Active Vocabulary- When teachers tell you not to use the word get or to find a better adjective to replace nice, they are trying to encourage you to transfer words from your passive vocabulary into your active vocabulary.(Laurie Bauer, Vocabulary. Routledge, 1998)- As a writer, try to turn much of your recognition vocabulary into active vocabulary. In order to make the switch, you must be certain to observe the context, connotation, and denotation of every word you intend to transfer.(Adrienne Robins,  The Analytical Writer: A College Rhetoric. Collegiate Press, 1996)- Educationists believe that using vocabulary in communicative tasks is more beneficial to developing  active vocabulary  than requiring learners to memorize isolated words, or leaving them to their own devices.(Batia Laufer, Quantitative Evaluation of Vocabulary.  Experimenting with Uncertainty: Essays in Honour of Alan Davies,  ed. by C. Elder et al. Cambridge University Press, 2001)- While studies agree that knowledge of vocabulary is important for developing reading skills, they also show it is normally extensive reading that helps develop a wide voca bulary.(Irene Schwab and Nora Hughes, Language Variety. Teaching Adult Literacy: Principles and Practice, ed. by Nora Hughes and Irene Schwab. Open University Press, 2010) Graded Knowledge of WordsThe active vocabulary obviously consists of words that we know better than those that constitute our passive vocabulary. The same distinction holds for native speakers, who also actively use only a subset of the words they are familiar with. Another instance of graded knowledge of words is the fact that, even as native speakers, we often only know that we have heard or read a certain word before, but do not know what it means.(Ingo Plag, Word-Formation in English. Cambridge University. Press, 2003) Also see: LexiconVocabularyVocabulary Acquisition

It's about odyssey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

It's about odyssey - Essay Example As leaders of their people and key figures in the war, both men tend to cast their personal values back upon those they lead, thus presenting a generalized conception of how the Greeks and the Trojans differed in their overall world view. For this reason, it is helpful to examine these two characters in particular to gain an impression of how these two peoples differed from one another. In their approach to battle, in their adherence to the code and in the way that they each violate this code, the two men demonstrate that the differences between their people is really little more than a gloss of locality. Both Hector and Achilles can be seen to struggle with the heroic code as they prepare themselves for war. Each character has received relatively reliable information that they will be killed in the battle – Achilles through his mother, the goddess Thetis who tells him that he will not die as long as Hector lives, Hector through the pleadings of his wife who urges him to fight from the walls. While Achilles withdraws from the battle on the pretext of a feud with Menelaus, Hector spurns his wife’s pleading to honor the heroic code that insists a true warrior should not hide behind the walls of a fortress rather than stand tall on the plain. Andromache provides him with a moment of foresight as she tells him, â€Å"your valour will bring you to destruction; think on your infant son, and on my hapless self who ere long shall be your widow – for the Achaeans will set upon you in a body and kill you† (Book VI). It isn’t until after Hector kills Patroclus , Achilles’ most devoted friend, who is wearing Achilles’ armor, that Achilles is finally driven to re-enter the war. â€Å"Hector’s words following this action show that he does not realize his own limitations and that he could never have been so successful without the help of Zeus† (Lefkowitz, 2003, p. 66) and the other gods.

Multiple Topics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Multiple Topics - Essay Example There are certainly more preferences that he can keep track of. Develop a problem definition for Steve, as discussed in the Session Five lecture notes and readings (Chapter 3).   Problem definition: Steve wants to keep his customers happy and attract new ones. He thinks he needs a way to track customer behavior and mine the data from his restaurant operation. The method of data collection must not interfere with the normal operations of the restaurant. It should also store the data in a database so that it can be used by whatever means is devised. The data collection is simple and can easily be done by streamlining the ordering system. The main problem is that Steve has actually voiced a need for keeping customers happy and attracting new customers. It is not certain that mere data collection can do this. Part B:   â€Å"I think it’s only fair to write up all alternatives you’ve considered†, says Linda Smith (Steve Smith’s wife and Chief Financial Offi cer of his restaurant). â€Å"After all, you’ve been working on this systems thing for a while now and I think my husband would be interested to see what you found out.†Ã‚   Please explain to Linda Smith why your system proposal will not (should not) contain all the alternatives that your ITEC 630 team has considered with respect to solving Steve Smith’s information management problem. Also include in your response to Linda Smith the types of alternatives that will appear in your final systems proposal to Steve Smith.   Not all the alternatives we brainstormed are feasible and some just would be either over-kill or too expensive, creating a negative return on investment. Some solutions would have a negative impact on customers and others would not include increasing business. So these will not be included. The types of proposals we will include are those that will accomplish both the data collection and increase business, yes stay within the budget. We have fo ur alternative systems we will offer: an electronic ordering system which will collect all the data, a club card that will collect data and offer bonus points, a club card that will store cash, offer bonus points and collect data, and a fourth type will include all of these. All of the card alternatives will attract new business as they can be purchased as gift cards and loaded up front. A. Please label each question as either closed question or open-ended question.  Ppt 04 1. How many personal computers do you have in this department?  closed 2. How is this task performed?  open 3. Why do you perform the task that way?  open 4. How many hours of training does a clerk receive?  closed 5. How many customers ordered products from the Web site last month?  closed 6. What are users saying about the new system?  open 7. How are the checks reconciled?  closed 8. What added features would you like to have in the new billing system?  open 9. Is the calculation procedure de scribed in the manual?  closed 10. Is there anything else you can tell me about this topic? open 11. Do you review the reports before they are sent out?  closed 12. Are the user manuals produced by this department?  closed 13. Describe a feature you would like to see in the new system?  open 14. Who handles the invoices?  closed 15. How do you resolve accounts payable issues?  open B. You are going to interview the local manager of LDI, a national tire retailer, who has asked you to

Formula Milk Essay Example for Free

Formula Milk Essay Annual international trade of barley averages around 15 million metric ton and fluctuates from 12 to 16 million metric tons. This is about 9 -12% of total global production. Major exporters are EU, Australia, Ukraine, Canada and UK. US is neither a major exporter nor a major importer. Its export and imports are more or less same. US export mainly the feed barley and imports malt barley. The annual trade of feed barley comprises more than 75% of total barley trade while that of malt barley accounts for less than 25%. China and US being leaders in beer production account for over 60% of malt barley trade. China alone imports 50% while US about 11%. Leading Barley Import and Export Countries (Averages for 1998-2000) Country Imports (Mt x 1,000) Country Exports (Mt x 1,000) Saudi Arabia 4447 France 6758 Japan 2531 Germany 4040 China 2160 Australia 3973 Belgium-Luxembourg 1459 Canada 2196 Russian Federation 1005 United Kingdom 1898 Germany 941 Belgium-Luxembourg 1223 Brazil 880 United States 985 Netherlands 823 Denmark 960 Morocco 794 Ukraine 841. Italy 790 Turkey 659 United States 778 Sweden 606 Table 4: Global trade of barley in 1998-2000 (faostat) Sourcing Barley for Beer Production Malting companies in US processes about 3 million ton of malt barley annually of which about 1. 0 million ton is imported barley and the remaining (about 2 million ton) is produced in US itself. Therefore, a beer company in US should keep both the options – of sourcing from within the country from states like North Dakota, Montana and Idaho etc. and of importing open for sourcing barley. When it comes to import Canada should be the obvious choice due to geographic proximity. The next obvious choice has to be EU. As far as sourcing from domestic market is concerned the company can have a direct contract with major barley growers to save cost and ensure a reliable supply. In case of import from Canada the concerned agency is Canadian Wheat Board. Concerning Outsourcing of the product, a beer company should focus on Malting, Brewing, and Fermentation etc. instead of imports and domestic purchasing of commodities. Therefore, it is always better to outsource the product to a few good commodity trading companies. The commodity should be outsourced not to one company rather to more than one company to have a bargaining power over pricing and also to ensure a uninterrupted supply of barley in case of any unforeseen crisis to keep the brewery running. There can be another outsourcing approach for a new start up Beer Company. With malting being an established process. There are dozens of malting companies in US and hundreds on the globe and malt being a standard product being traded in the market globally. Therefore, for a start up Beer Company it will be a good idea to focus on brewing and fermentation, rather than going for setting up the malting facility. If the company specializes on producing better and special quality beer it can command better price for its beer and that business model should be more profitable than starting fro malting. Some important malt barley and malt suppliers in US are – 1. North Dakota Barley Council 2.Americas Malt, PO Box 5724 Minneapolis, MN 55440-5724 Tel: 1-952-742-5646 Fax: 1-952-742-5050 Internet: www. Cargill. com. Products: Barley Malt 3. Busch Agricultural Resources, Incorporated P. O. Box 427 West Fargo, ND 58078 Tel: 1-701-282-5752 Fax: 1-701-282-6260 Products: Malting Barley 4. Cargill, Inc. P. O. Box 9300 Minneapolis, MN 55440-9300 Tel: 1-952-736-8664 Fax: 1-952-742-6252 Internet: www. Cargill. com Products: Feed Barley, Malting Barley 5. Cenex Harvest States P. O. Box 64089 St. Paul, MN 55164-0089 Tel: 1-651-306-6156 Fax: 1-651-306-6570 Internet: www. harveststates. com Products: Feed Barley, Malting Barley 6. Columbia Grain 111 S. W. Columbia St, Suite 1200 Portland, OR 97201. Tel: 1-503-224-8624 Fax: 1-503-241-0296 Products: Feed Barley, Malting Barley 7. ConAgra Grain Companies 400 4th Street, Suite 850 PO Box 15083 Minneapolis, MN 55415 Tel: 1-612-341-2326 Fax: 1-612-341-2137 Products: Feed Barley, Malting Barley 8. ConAgra Malt P. O. Box 1529 Vancouver, WA 98668-1529 Tel: 1-360-699-9389 Fax: 1-360-696-8354 Products: Barley Malt 9. Coors Brewing Company 17755 West 32 Av. Brewing Materials BC 610 Golden, Colorado 80401 USA Tel:1-208-678-3586 Fax : 1-208-678-9669 Products: Malting Barley, Barley Malt 10. General Mills Operations, Inc. P. O. Box 5022 #2 Fifth Street N. , Suite 200 Great Falls, MT 59401 Tel: 1-406-761-6252 Fax: 1-406-727-8096 Internet: www. gmigrain. com Products: Feed Barley, Malting Barley 10. International Malting Company P. O. Box 712 Milwaukee, WI 53201-0712 Tel: 1-414-649-0206 Fax: 1-414-671-1385 Products: Barley Malt 11. Louis Dreyfus Corporation 222 S. W. Columbia, Suite 1133 Portland, OR 97201 Tel: 1-503-243-1133 Fax: 1-503-243-5079 Products: Feed Barley 12. Rahr Malt 800 West First Avenue Shakopee, MN 55379 Tel: 1-952-496-7016 Fax: 1-952-496-7054 Products: Barley Malt. 13. United Harvest 200 S. W. Market Street, Suite 1780 Portland, OR 97201 Tel: 1-503-344-1900 Fax: 1-503-944-1969 Internet: www. harveststates. com Products: Feed Barley, Malting Barley Some International suppliers of malt and malted barley are listed below. 1. Muntons plc, Cedars Maltings Stowmarket, Suffolk IP14 2AG, UK t. (+44) (0) 1449 618300 f. (+44) (0) 1449 677800 [emailprotected] com 2. Weyermann Specialty Malting Company Brennerstrasse 17-19 96052 Bamberg, Germany Phone: + 49 (0)951 93 220-12 Fax + 49 (0)951 93 220-912 eMail [emailprotected] de 3. Agniche Marketing Ltd. 70 Johnson, Birtle, MB, Canada, R0M 0C0 Telephone: 1-204-842-5132 Fax: 1-204-842-3778 4. Bairds Malt Limited Elliot Industrial Estate, Arbroath, Angus, DD11 2NJ Scotland Tel: +44 (0)1241 870431 Fax: +44 (0)1241 874251 www. bairds-malt. co. uk E-mail: [emailprotected] co. uk The price of domestic malt barley in US is around 250$/metric ton, while the price of malt barley imported from EU is about 280$/metric ton. For exact price the company will seek quotations from a couple of potential domestic as well as international suppliers. After examining the quotations 4-5 potential suppliers will be selected for further price negotiations to seek the minimum possible price. The supplier will be selected on the basis of past record for reliability, the cost and the quality of the barley. Supply contract should be made with 2-3 suppliers to have secure supply of the raw material for beer production. 8. References 1. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Barley#_note-1 2. http://faostat. fao. org 3. http://www. fapri. missouri. edu 4. http://www. ambainc. org/ni/index. htm.

The Thieves Who Couldn’t Help Sneezing Essay -- Thomas Hardy

The Thieves Who Couldn’t Help Sneezing There is one main character in this story, Hubert. We barely get any description of the physical features of Hubert; however what we do find out is: he is a fourteen year old boy, a ‘yeoman’s son’ with a horse named Jerry. All of them resided in Wessex. ‘A man darted from the thicket’ ‘Another man’ ‘And Another’ These three quotes; all from the same paragraph tell us that there are in total three robbers. Yet again there is very little detail about any of the three robbers; two descriptions of the few criminals there states that their faces are ‘artificially blackened’, and at least one of them had a, ‘deep voice’. In the whole of the short story there is possibly twenty-six other people; these are briefly mentioned throughout the story. Only one of the twenty six people get named and that person is, ‘Sir Simon’. Unlike ‘Tony Kytes’ there is one main character, Hubert. Only two settings are used, they are the ‘mansion’, and the, ‘Vale of Blackmore’. This is more complicated and detailed than ‘Tony Kytes’; where...

Aldi Case

1)What are the core elements to Aldi’s business strategy? Be specific as to what they are doing that sets them apart from competition and WHY this is different than their competitors? The core elements to Aldi’s business strategy are to offer top quality and extremely low prices. One article states that in the Midwest, Aldi’s prices are â€Å"15% and 20% less than Wal-Mart and 30% to 40% cheaper than regional chains. † The company also focuses on selling goods that have a high turnover such as food and beverages. Aldi receives shipments of goods five to six times a week and it takes anywhere from one to four days for delivery.Aldi’s organized and simple supply chain allows for fast shipment. However, what makes Aldi unique is that while it carries a diverse set of 1,500 products, it does not compare to the number of products sold by Walmart at 125,000. Therefore Aldi offers an enjoyable shopping experience for its customers. Customers do not feel ov erwhelmed by all of the choices of products like they may do at a Walmart store. A major difference between the two companies is how fast they replenish their products. Walmart uses an extremely complex system that can create lag time in the supply chain.Also, Aldi strives on promoting its own brand unlike its competitors. 95% of its goods are the Aldi brand. I believe Aldi is different from its competitors because the company is foreign based and that it is a small format. In the New York Times article about why Aldi has succeeded in cities where Walmart has not it says a major reason is because of its small product line. A simple product line has allowed Aldi to be very profitable. Focusing on one genre of products to sell, Aldi can increase the quality of those products. The company does not spread itself out too thin and strives on brining the lowest best quality product to the shelves. )Why have they been so successful over the years? This should be from a consumer perspective. Different from #1 which is from the company perspective. What is the compelling consumer need or perception that they fill in the marketplace. How do they compare to our biggest discounter in food, Walmart? I believe Aldi has become so successful over the years because the company strives on simplicity. Employees of Aldi understand consumer behavior very well. They know consumers are lazy and want to be in and out of stores in the quickest time possible.Therefore, Aldi management has created a shopping experience meant for the â€Å"in and out shopper† which has seen great positive affects. To be the most efficient store, Aldi’s â€Å"do not accept checks or credit cards. There is no butcher or bakery, and fruit is sold in bags to speed checkout. † Compared to Walmart, a store that offers a far less enjoyable consumer experience, Aldi strives to be different. Unlike Aldi’s, Walmart stores can sometimes be intimidating to consumers because of the vast arr ay of product offerings. Consumers find shopping at Walmart to be difficult because there is not a lot of help and that the store is just too large.Aldi’s on the other hand, creates a much more consumer friendly atmosphere by offering only food and household items. Also when you walk into an Aldi store, you are immediately in a shopping aisle. The store is designed so consumers need to walk through every aisle creating more chances of incidental exposure. Aldi stores are not designed to look pretty. The only purpose they offer to consumers is to help them find products that they need. 3)After visiting our local Aldi’s store, why do you think this global powerhouse may struggle to do well in the US? What was your initial impression of the store?Who shops there? After visiting the store, I believe this global powerhouse may struggle in the US because the inside of the store is not very conducive to providing a great shopping experience. The aisles are messy and the produ cts look as if they were pulled out from the back of a truck. The store is dimly lit and seems almost dirty. When I walked into the store, I was originally taken back because I had a mindset that it was going to be very nice. However, I was wrong. I did not enjoy my surroundings and I did not believe that Aldi focuses on the high quality portion of their mission, but only the low cost.Also, the customers that Aldi attracts are lower class individuals. These people shop in bulk and are attracted to the store because of the low prices. They do not care about the sloppiness of the displays just that they can get the lowest price. 4)Knowing what you do about assortment, what part of the ROA equation do you think they maximize? Explain. I believe Aldi maximizes the total assets part of the formula. Because the company strives on stocking it shelves with a limited number of products, their total assets are relatively low. This creates a higher ROA. Aldi has done a very good job at maximiz ing sales while controlling expenses.The higher the income and lower the total assets shows how well Aldi is producing earnings from its assets. 5)Now, talk to someone that has shopped at a Trader Joe’s, also owned by Aldi. Why do you think this similar strategy with a completely different execution (in store look and feel) might be more successful here in the US. Look at their US locations for Trader Joe’s. How can they continue to have limited assortment and yet cater to a more affluent target than Aldi’s stores? Based on the article you read, why do you think Trader Joes and Aldi’s are so secretive about their business?Many US businesses see it as PR if they are covered in the press, these entities feel this is unnecessary. What would you do if the head of marketing for the parent company, adapt to US marketing standards of transparency builds relationships or keep your image hidden and let your products, locations, etc speak for themselves? (Explain y our rationale using marketing principles not just your opinion). I believe this similar strategy with a different execution of Trader Joe’s is more successful here because they are more aware of what American consumers want and how they shop.Trader Joe’s connects with its consumers on a more personal level. Their employees are friendly and their displays are unique, creating an overall enjoyable shopping experience. I think Trader Joe’s is more successful because the company swaps selection for quality. Customers have begun to trust Trader Joe’s in that what ever is on their shelves is the best possible product. Aldi does not have this trust yet. With time, more and more customers will begin to trust the foreign company in that their offerings are of the best quality. Also, I believe Aldi needs to focus ore on creating nicer displays. Currently, these stores are very messy and this could be a reason consumers do not like shopping there. Trader Joe’ s can target more affluent people by offering more unique products. Already it offers exotic, affordable luxuries and for it further differentiate itself from Aldi, Trader Joe’s should expand these types of products while cutting back on more common products they sell. Based on the article, I believe Aldi’s and Trader Joe’s are so secretive about how they run their individual businesses because they have been so successful.I believe they do not want larger stores such as Walmart and Target to figure out their key to success. Because Walmart and Target occupy a large sector of the market and are both extremely powerful, Aldi and Trader Joe’s do not want to be overtaken by them. If I were head of marketing I would continue with keeping the companies image hidden for a period of time. If this tactic was not working, I would soon then adapt to a more transparent company. US consumers like to hear from their favorite companies and they like to feel a connectio n to the upper levels of management, therefore companies who are more hidden from them may not fare as well.

Positive Relationship with Children Essay

1.1. Positive relationships with children and young people are important because when children feel comfortable they separate more easily from their parents, and are more likely to participate in activities if they secure emotionally. Also when children have positive relationships they are less likely to show unwanted behaviour as we can recognise and meet their individual needs. Childrens language will also develop more quickly due to being confident to talk to us. Us as practitioners can also plan more accurately as we’ll understand childrens development and we will know their individual interests. It is also important as we will be able to respond to a Childs emotions due to their facial expressions and the way they are acting when we know them and have a bond with them. We also have to remember that we are to build professional relationships. The principles of relationship building and to keep them maintained are communicating effectively, identifying and sorting out conflicts and disagreements, being consistent and fair, showing respect and courtesy, valuing and respecting individuality, keeping promises and honouring commitments, monitoring impact of own behaviour on others, keeping confidentiality as appropriate and recognising and responding appropriately to the power base underpinning relationships. 1.2. Observation 1.3. My own effectiveness in building relationships with children or young people is that when you get to know each child individually i feel more comfortable, because i know they feel comfortable due to them knowing me and respecting them. I involve all the children in my activities no matter what the age gap unless the activitiy is un suiteable for that age group. I ensure in myself that i treat each child in the same way, as no child has higher priority than the other they all get treated fairly. I also feel like i have achieved building relationships with the children when you see them after a weekend or the next day because they smile and are excited to come to nursery again. 2.1. Positive relationships with people involved in the care of children and young people are important. Other people involved other than their family are organisational managers, carers, other visitors, colleagues from other agencies and services, external partners, official visitors, and colleagues. If we do not have positive relationships with these people involved in the childrens lives that attend nursery there is danger that information might be passed un –accurately and that it is withheld because we may not be trusted. It is important that we all work together to build trust with everyone and the benefits the child will get if we do so are children are given consistent care, childrens needs and interests are identified, plans for childrens care and education are more effective, childrens welfare can be properly monitored, and skills and ideas can be shared quickly between adults.

buy custom Welfare State in Britain essay

buy custom Welfare State in Britain essay The history of the welfare state in Britain began around 1940-1950 and this period marked a point in their history. Professor Jeremy Black (2011) recorded in BBC that Britain [during the period] quickly relinquished its status as the world's largest imperial power. Poor Law (1834) The British Prime Minister, Earl Grey, set up the Poor Law in 1833. The law stated that no able-bodied person was to receive money or other help from the Poor Law authorities except in a workhouse (Spartacus International). And in the workhouses, the poor had to work hard in return for the care they received (The National Archives). The law was abolished later in 1948 due to the abuses that occurred (Owston, 2009). The development of the Poor Law as part of the welfare state of Britain became significant to their history because it has altered and made a great impact regarding the social improvement of the country. The Liberal Reforms (1906-1914) As recorded in BBC, the Liberal government in 1906-1914, reforme the welfare services in the country. The reform included the Education (Provision of Meals) Act 1906, Education (Administrative Provisions) Act 1907, Childrens Act 1909, Old Age Pension Act 1908, National Insurance Act Part 1 (Health) 1911, Labour Exchanges Act 1909, National Insurance Act Part 2 (Unemployment) 1911, The Workmen's Compensation Act 1906, The Coal Mines Act 1908, The Trade Boards Act 1909 and The Shops Act 1911. The reforms became a significant milestone in the history of Britain because it ended the principles of laissez-faire and benefited the modern welfare provision. Public Health Act (1848-1875) The Public Health Act of 1875 compelled that local authorities secure sewage disposal, adequate water supply and drainage. Removal of burials, nuisances, notification of infectious diseases, and destruction of contaminated food were regulated. For the first time this Act ensured an effective system of public health throughout the country. It has been described as the single most important Act of Parliament of the century (Scaife, 2004, p. 38). This development in the history of Britain became significant parrticularly to the health of the people. It built health awareness to everyone. The Labour Party (1945-1951) The Labour party, led by Clement Atlee, came to power in 1945 and continued to make reforms until 1951. The reforms included an enlarged system of social services which included the nationalization of major industries and public utilities and the establishment of the National Health Service (Wikipedia). These changes made significance to the British Welfare State since they made a great impact in its development. Beveridge Report William Beveridge published his report in 1942 and recommended that the government should find ways of fighting the five Giant Evils of Want, Disease, Ignorance, Squalor and Idleness (William Beveridge). His report influenced the prime minister Clement Atlee who established the National Health Service in 1948 and a national system of benefits to provide social security. His report became significant as it inspire and lead the leaders to make a move regarding the social welfare system of the British state. Buy custom Welfare State in Britain essay

How to Use the Italian Imperfect Subjunctive Tense

How to Use the Italian Imperfect Subjunctive Tense â€Å"If I were able to live in Italy for the rest of my life, I would be happy.† How do you express a sentiment like that in Italian? Before I dive into the nooks and crannies of the grammar with the subjunctive mood, here’s what that sentence would look like: Se io potessi vivere in Italia per il resto della mia vita, sarei contenta. In order to create this sentence on your own, you need to use the imperfect subjunctive (il congiuntivo imperfetto). You would use this tense when the main part of your sentence includes the present perfect tense (il passato prossimo), imperfect tense (l’imperfetto) or the conditional tense (​il condizionale) to talk about an unlikely hypothetical situation that starts with se (If) like â€Å"If I won the lottery† or to discuss wishful thinking. Some constructions that might help you understand when to use this are: Imperfect Tense ( Che) Imperfect Subjunctive Credevo che avessero ragione. - I thought they were right.Non era probabile che prendessimo una decisione. - It wasnt likely we would make a decision.Non cera nessuno che ci capisse. - There was no one who understood us.Il razzismo era il peggior problema che ci fosse. - Racism was the worst problem there was. Present Perfect Tense (Che) Imperfect Subjunctive L’ha aiutata affinchà © potesse imparare l’italiano. - He helped her so she could learn Italian.Abbiamo organizzato un riunione cosi’ da informare tutti sul da farsi. - We scheduled a meeting so we could brief everybody on what to do.Ho ritenuto giusto che mio figlio decidesse da solo quale universita’ scegliere. - I believed it was right my son could choose by himself which university pick out. Se Imperfect Subjunctive Conditional Se fossi in te, non mi fiderei di lui. - If I were you, I wouldn’t trust him.Se lui mi baciasse, sarei felicissima. - If he were to kiss me, I would be so happy.Se Mario mi invitasse a cena, accetterei subito! - If Mario asked me out for dinner, I would accept immediately! Conditional S e Imperfect Subjunctive Sarei felicissima se lui mi baciasse. - I would be so happy if he were to kiss me.Comprerei un guardaroba nuovo se io avessi tre mila dollari in pià ¹. - I would buy a new wardrobe if I had three thousand more dollars.Direi una bugia se dicessi che sono stata bene. - It would be a lie if I said I’ve been great. Magari (If Only) Imperfect Subjunctive Magari fosse vero. - If only it were true.Magari potessi venire da noi! - If only you could come over to our place! TIP: The word â€Å"magari† can also be used to mean â€Å"maybe† or â€Å"yes† depending on context. You’ll notice that the translations between Italian and English aren’t direct, and that’s because this tense is interpreted differently in Italian than in English. For instance, in the last example, if you wanted to say â€Å"He helped her so she could learn Italian†, you might want to translate â€Å"could† as â€Å"potrebbe†, using the conditional tense. I know it’s confusing at first, but the more you’re exposed to the language and the more you practice, the more intuitive it will become. Plus, as you learn, you can rely on keywords or phrases to help you decide whether or not to use the imperfect subjunctive tense. Key Phrases Pensare che - To think thatCredere che - To believe thatDubitare che - To doubt thatEssere importante che - To be important thatBastare che - To be enough thatDirsi che - To be said thatSperare che - To hope thatTemere che - To fear thatAffinchà © - So thatPrima che - BeforeNel caso che - In case that For conjugations of three regular verbs, see the table below. Conjugating Verbs in the Imperfect Subjunctive PRONOUN CANTARE SAPERE FINIRE che io cantassi sapessi finissi che tu cantassi sapessi finissi che lui/lei/Lei cantasse sapesse finisse che noi cantassimo sapessimo finissimo che voi cantaste sapeste finiste che loro/Loro cantassero sapessero finissero What About Irregular Verbs? Here are some examples of irregular verbs in the imperfect subjunctive. Essere - To be Fossi Fossimo Fossi Foste Fosse Fossero Se io fossi una sirenetta, sarei una brava nuotatrice. - If I were a mermaid, I would be a great swimmer.Non ti piaccio?! Pensavo fossimo fidanzati! - You don’t like me?! I thought we were dating! Stare - To be, to stay Stessi Stessimo Stessi Steste Stesse Stessero Mi fa sentire come se stesse cercando di nascondere qualcosa. - It makes me feel like he was trying to hide something.Pensavo stessimo andando dal panettiere. - I thought we were going to the bakery. Dire - To say Dicessi Dicessimo Dicessi Diceste Dicesse Dicessero Voleva che tu gli dicessi la verit! - She wanted you to tell her the truth!Vorrei che Marta non dicesse nulla di questo a Mario. - I would not like for Marta to say anything about this to Mario.E se ti dicessi che nulla di cià ² che vedi à ¨ reale? - And what if I were to tell you that nothing you see is real?

Consumer Psychology and Buying Behaviour Assignment

Consumer Psychology and Buying Behaviour - Assignment Example The market must be dominated by the element of value for products and services. Most potential consumers tend to buy products or services sold at low prices. Loyalty denotes the likeliness of some consumers to stick to the same products. This serves as the key effect and determinism in the market. Psychology entails how and in what ways aspects of the actual products and /or services in the market influences people to make their choices, by possibly buying a product that is different from the previous one. Sociology entails the manner in which one person‘s buying is influenced by that of others. In essence, there is the tendency of people willing to buy the same brands as others leading to a lock in one product that dominates the market without even considering the fact that the competitors have more or less identical ‘qualities’ that may include price. Marketing is the selling of products and services to potential clients in a given environment at a given time. It basically entails the potential clients that are available and how to handle them.  The market must be dominated by the element of value for products and services. Most potential consumers tend to buy products or services sold at low prices. The recent study on the consumers’ behavior on respond can help companies determine the best prices to set for their products. The notion that cheap products are of low quality is one of the factors in which companies can set prices for their products.  

Ip_5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ip_5 - Essay Example through innovative business ideas and proper implementation of the business ideas at the right place at the right time with the help of the right people. There are lots of ways such as venture capital, growth capital and debt capital, for an entrepreneur to collect money for his business â€Å"Venture capital (VC) is funding invested, or available for investment, in an enterprise that offers the probability of profit along with the possibility of loss.† (Venture Capital, 2007) Venture capital was once known as risk capital. But the name has confused lot of investors and it has been changed as venture capital. There is no guarantee for profit through this type of investment. If the business succeeded in making profit then the investors will also get their share from the profit. If the business makes lose then the investors may also lose their money proportional to the loss incurred to the business. Venture capital investments are made in the form of cash for shares in the invested company. â€Å"Growth capital is a funding that allows a company to accelerate its growth. For new startup companies, growth capital is the second stage of funding after seed money.† (Business Definition for: Growth Capital, 2009) Growth capital investor will normally select an established company for his investments. Compared to venture capital investor, growth capital investor may have his money more safe because of the maturity of the company. The financial abilities and the market presence of these companies will be much more established than a venture capital oriented company. â€Å"Debt capital is the capital, usually money, raised through issuing bonds. Although most of the time the capital raised is money, it could be other goods of value as well. The capital raised must be paid back to those who finance the debt. Both private companies and governments can raise debt capital this way† (What is Debt Capital? 2003) Compared to the other two capitals, venture and growth capitals, debt

Consumer Behavior and the Demand Curve Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Consumer Behavior and the Demand Curve - Essay Example This essay projects on the consumer behavior towards these electronic vehicles over the coming years and how it shall cause movements along the demand curve as well as shifts on the demand curve. The movement along the demand curve will be caused by changes in prices of the electric vehicles, either increase or decrease in the prices. The shifts will be caused by preferences of the consumer to buy the vehicles irrespective of the increases and decreases in the vehicles prices, consumers believe that the vehicles will help reduce environmental pollution and the prices of other related vehicles whereby if other vehicles prices increase considerably, then consumers will settle for electric vehicles. The demand curve will shift upwards since consumers are optimistic that the electronic vehicles will serve their purpose and hence prefer to buy them. In addition, the vehicles batteries are expected to be improved making them to last longer than they do at the moment and hence attract more consumers causing the demand curve to shift upwards. For now, people who buy electric vehicles, as Levine puts it, always want to be seen to have class and style. They therefore are highly educated people, successful businesspersons, and those who earn highly in their areas of specialization. These people are few as compared to average people who earn too little to think of buying electric vehicles. There are those who would want to buy the electronic vehicles simply on the grounds that they promote green environment only to find that electronic vehicles costs is beyond their means. Many a consumer is always excited about the electronic vehicles when they hear about them for the first time, but when they are told of price, their interest in those vehicles decreases. Majority of consumers are also concerned with the appearance of the vehicle, their performance and how reliable they are. Given these costs, sales for most electronic vehicles have remained low. For instance, Nissan Volt has recorded very dismal sales performances due to prices the company has attached to them. Terlep acknowledges that Electronic vehicles have elicited a lot of excitement among the consumers who think that electronic vehicles will be the norm of the day. However, according to analysts, this may not come into fruition any time sooner as it is only estimated that electronic vehicles will amount to 7.3% of all the vehicles sales by around 2020. Currently, there are only 2.2 percent of electronic vehicles in circulation. Projections indicated that fully electric cars will be about 10 percent of all the vehicles by 2020. Recent estimates show that electric and hybrid vehicles are 5.2 million as compared to 70.9 million sales that had been predicted earlier. Consumer choice It is a microeconomics theory that shows the preferences that make people consume goods and services to certain expenditure and this is what eventually leads to consumer demand curves. Ingram explains that the theory analyses how consumers are likely to attain equilibrium given their preferences and the level of expenditure they are in so that they can maximize utility under the budget constraints they could be in. Preferences are what the consumers desire to have with their level of income and hence make choices depending on the income allocated for goods and services.

Input Output And Storage Devices Computer Science Essay

Input Output And Storage Devices Computer Science Essay To interact with a computer we use external devices called input-output or peripheral devices, this is the way a computer has to receive and give information to the user, and without it a computer is practically useless, so the need of input and output devices are the first path to computer organization. First is the input, input device was there for humans to communicate the data to the computer in various ways and therefor give a task to be processed into output. After, when the input of data is done the computer need to store it to be able to process it into output, because of the less amount of storage capacity of the CPU (Central Processing Unit), storage devices was there for the purpose of storing a large amount of data so that the CPU can access these data easily and faster. Output is the final step, the result of input-storage-process-output is given through output devices and before that the computer also need to re-store it in the storage device. We will see in details, what are the main uses of these devices? And the way it operates with human and computer. Input Devices: Definition: An input device is a peripheral or hardware device, generally external, that is connected or remotely connected to the computer or information appliance. Input devices are used to provide input which can be understood by the computer such as: raw data, information, command, order, signalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ To process input, computer absolutely need an input device, it is the most important part of computers. Categories: Input device can be categories into four categories: Typing devices Pointing devices Optical devices Audio devices These categories represent the way to communicate with computers and the first path to the input-process-output phase. Typing Devices: Typing devices are essentially keyboard, used to insert text or command via button. They are the most effective way to input data to the computer. it use the method of binaries code to input data. Typing devices are very reliable for text and numbers data input. But they can be ergonomically unsafe if not properly used, inaccurate and difficult for bad typist or paralysis and handicapped users Basically all computers possess keyboard so it is the primary input of computer system. Pointing Devices: Pointing devices are used to input data by movement, here are some example of pointing devices: mouse, joystick, stylus, touch screen. They are usually used to operate with screen or movement based information, all of them are manually used so easy to manipulate due to simple movement, like the mouse who just consist of pointing and clicking. One of the main disadvantages is that they are limited in task, mouse and joystick means that you are limited in your work, and touch screen can be less responsive compared to keyboard. Optical Devices: Optical devices are mostly used in recognition or video and image capture, in the field of recognition there is the OMR (optical mark recognition) and the OCR (optical character recognition), and many others optical devices like: barcode reader, scanner, handheld scanner, digital camera, webcamà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ The OMR reader is used in barcode reader, it scan a mark which indicate the data or information input that is send to the computer to be processed, it is also used in face recognition, finger print scanner, retina scanner and so on. The OCR is for text and character recognition when scanning a text document. Basically, optical devices are faster than other devices because of a high-speed reading, and are more used by security mean due to their accuracy and reliability. The disadvantage lies in the raw data, for instance if there is a single change in it, the optical devices may not recognize and therefor give a wrong output to its user Audio Devices: Audio devices like his name indicate, is mainly to input an audio data. The devices are: microphone, headset, MIDI keyboardà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ its process is analogue to digital data convertor. It allows a user to send audio signals to a computer for processing, recording, or carrying out commands, sometimes the main purpose is to transfer input audio to output audio. The disadvantage is if the source of audio have a bad signals then all the process are wrong. Output Devices: Definition: Like the input, the output device is also a peripheral and hardware device used to receive the result of the processing date that comes from its input. All computer or information system absolutely need output devices. Output devices are also known as the way that the computer communicates with human. Types of Output: There are three principal types of output devices based on the way they deliver the output data: Display output Physical output Audio output Display Output: They are commonly monitors, screen or light based devices called Visual Display Unit (VDU). It is the primary output devices and it can also be used as a input device, the computer will display the contents of the information on the screen to permit the users read or see what are the processes done to the input data, that is called soft copy which mean temporary data copy. Display output devices is also the wall between computer-language and human-language, without it human cant understand what the computer try to communicate. Usually, display outputs are called video displays or 2 dimensional displays, like: Television sets Computer monitors Head mounted display But there are also called segments displays, composed of several segments that switch on and off to give appearance of desired output, they are display that can only show numeric numbers or alphanumeric character, like calculators or digital watch and so on. The advantages of display device is that you can see the output of a computer program and also use your computer easily by giving it commands from a Command Line Interface or use your Pointing device such as Mouse to point and click to do a task from a Graphical User Interface (GUI). It is fast to acquire, more economical and easily transmittable. In another hand, disadvantages are that the output is temporary because of the need of power supply and can cause visual problem for users. Physical Output: Physical output or hard copy is the permanent output; the most common way to get it is the printer. There are two type of printer: Impact printer: use the typewriter approach, impact of between the ink ribbon and the paper. E.g. dot-matrix printers. Non-impact printers: use electro-static chemicals and ink-jet technologies, can produce colour printing. E.g. laser printer, ink-jet printer So, printer is the principal output devices in terms of physical output; it can produce high-quality printing, can produce a large amount in short time. The disadvantages are the cost; printing is expensive due to its hard copies compared to soft copies that just need to be displayed. Audio Output: Audio output devices refer to any devices that are attaches to a computer for the purpose of playing sound, such as speech or music. It can also refer to the sound of a computer sound card. Here are some examples of audio output devices with their uses: Speakers: it is the most common type of audio output device; they can be attached to a computer using variety of audio plugs. It requires a separate energy supply to be operational. Headphones: they are another type of audio output device. Variations on the headphone concept include ear buds, which fit inside the ear, and headsets, which include both headphones and a microphone. It doesnt requires a separate power supply. Sound card: it is a computer component that converts information from digital audio files into electronic sound signals. These signals are then passed on to an audio output device, such as speakers or headphones. Although sound cards do not themselves play sound, they do output audio signals. For this reason, they can be considered audio output devices. Without an audio output device, you will miss audio cues from the computer such as error beeps and other important system messages alerting you to system problems. This keeps you in sync with your computer, allowing you to more effectively recognize and identify issues. There are no real disadvantages for audio output devices, just it need some additional hardware such as sound card and additional power supply, and the possibility of making noise. Storage Devices: There are primarily three types of storage a computer possess, first the primary storage, which is more popularly called simply memory; the secondary storage, which is more popularly referred to as simply storage, and finally the offline storage referred as movable storage. Primary Storage: Primary storage is where a computer stores data on a temporary basis so it can process the data. Think of primary storage as short term memory. Primary storage is a type of memory that is directly accessible to a computer processor and it is volatile because it is temporary in nature and is erased when the power is turned off. The main primary storages are: RAM (Random Access Memory) ROM (Read Only Memory) Data the computer is currently processing or data which the computer knows it is about to need for processing is stored in primary storage. Memory in primary storage can be accessed quickly by the CPU. Its storage capacity, however, is much smaller than what can be stored in secondary or tertiary storage. Computers need just enough primary storage to function and temporarily hold anticipated amounts of data for processing. Secondary Storage: Secondary storage is where a computer stores data it is not currently processing but which it may need at some later time. Secondary storage can be thought of as long term memory, or storage, and it is non-volatile in nature because data remains intact even when power to a computer is turned off. Operating systems, documents, music files and so on are typically stored in a secondary storage device. They can also be external for movement and transport. The main device for secondary storage is the hard disk drive (HDD). The computers largest secondary storage location is its hard disk drive, or just hard drive. Hard drives are platters like dishes which are stacked top, middle, and bottom to make one unit. Hard drives are mechanical devices which store data magnetically. They are considered permanent storage. Among the advantages of a hard disk drive is its storage capability, from Megabyte to Terabyte. Hard disk drives are durable, with metal casings built around their inner components. Hard disk drives are read/write. They can be read over and over and they can be modified, or written to, over and over. Offline storage: Offline storage is storage media which can be inserted into the computer and used but which can then be removed from the computer and stored elsewhere. It can also be external sources which are connected to the computer and then disconnected, like floppy drives, CD drives, DVD drives, USB flash drive, and Blu-ray drives. Floppy drive is an old form of storage, its capacity is very few up to 1 or 2 Megabytes so it isnt used nowadays, but it is categorised as offline storage because they are non-volatile and be able to read or written to over and over again. CD drive (Compact Disk) and DVD drive (Digital Video Disc) store data on shiny discs, the capacity of CD drive is up to 700 Megabytes and the DVD drive is 4.7 Gigabytes and 8.5 Gigabytes on a double layer DVD, they are very compact and portable storage with a good amount of storage, so it is the primary commercial storage device, used for video, audio, software, games and so on. But the disadvantages are that it can be infected by virus if used with bad intention, also if the layer of the disk gets damaged like scratch the computer will not be able to read anymore so a loss of data. USB flash drive, which is the most portable storage device with a great amount of storage, they can support 128 Megabytes to 256 Gigabytes, and it is the easiest way to carry data from place to place due to its connectivity via USB port. Unfortunately, USB flash drive is very fragile, easily breakable, and can be easily get corrupted or infected by viruses, so basically used for a short amount of time before it is useless. Conclusion: After describing and explaining input, output, and storage devices, we can see that the utilisation of computer in operations, functions, and processes are based within these devices, without just one of them work cant be done. These are all interaction between computers and humans that are necessary to achieve the perfect use of computer, it is studied in a field called human-computer interaction. Nowadays these interactions are appearing more and more frequent in daily life, with better speed and accuracy due to the evolution of technologies, and human are becoming more reliable in computers than before.